diff --git a/api/utility.py b/api/utility.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e0d7441
--- /dev/null
+++ b/api/utility.py
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+from psycopg.rows import dict_row, Row
+from .connection import g_conn_dict as conn
+from .operation import *
+
+def query(name: str, sql: str) -> Row | None:
+    with conn[name].cursor(row_factory=dict_row) as cur:
+        cur.execute(sql)
+        return cur.fetchone()
+
+def decorate(value: str | None, type: str, optional: bool) -> str:
+    if optional:
+        value = 'NULL' if value == None else value
+        if type == 'str':
+            value = f'"{value}"' if value != 'NULL' else value
+    return value
+
+def update(name: str, sql: str, undo_sql: str):
+    with conn[name].cursor() as cur:
+        cur.execute(sql)
+        redo = sql.replace("'", '"')
+        add_operation(name, redo, undo_sql)