Files
TJWaterServerBinary/app/algorithms/scada_cleaning/pressure_series.py
jiang 5966d039de refactor(backend)!: separate algorithm and data layers
Reorganize algorithm packages by business responsibility, move orchestration into services, and keep database access behind pooled repositories.

Harden analysis API validation, remove unsafe legacy simulation endpoints, and add regression and architecture boundary coverage.

BREAKING CHANGE: legacy algorithm module paths and obsolete simulation endpoints are removed.
2026-09-04 17:30:55 +08:00

544 lines
20 KiB
Python

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import os
ID_LIKE_COLUMNS = {
"id",
"device_id",
"node_id",
"sensor_id",
"monitor_id",
"junction_id",
}
def _normalize_time_frame(data: pd.DataFrame) -> pd.DataFrame:
"""返回按时间排序的副本,并尽量将 time 列解析为时间类型。"""
data = data.copy()
if "time" in data.columns:
data["time"] = pd.to_datetime(data["time"], errors="coerce")
data = data.sort_values(["time"]).reset_index(drop=True)
return data
def _select_pressure_columns(data: pd.DataFrame) -> tuple[list[str], list[str]]:
"""区分需要清洗的数值列与需要原样保留的列。"""
value_cols: list[str] = []
keep_cols: list[str] = []
for col in data.columns:
if col == "time":
continue
col_key = col.lower()
if col_key in ID_LIKE_COLUMNS or col_key.endswith("_id"):
keep_cols.append(col)
continue
numeric = pd.to_numeric(data[col], errors="coerce")
if numeric.notna().sum() == 0 or numeric.nunique(dropna=True) <= 1:
keep_cols.append(col)
else:
value_cols.append(col)
return value_cols, keep_cols
def _robust_scale(values: pd.Series) -> float:
"""基于 MAD 计算稳健尺度。"""
series = pd.to_numeric(values, errors="coerce").dropna()
if series.empty:
return 1.0
median = series.median()
mad = (series - median).abs().median()
if pd.notna(mad) and mad > 0:
return float(1.4826 * mad)
iqr = series.quantile(0.75) - series.quantile(0.25)
if pd.notna(iqr) and iqr > 0:
return float(iqr / 1.349)
std = series.std()
if pd.notna(std) and std > 0:
return float(std)
return 1.0
def _shrink_toward_baseline(observed: float, baseline: float, scale: float) -> float:
"""把观测值向基线值收缩,scale 越小,修复越强。"""
if pd.isna(observed):
return baseline
if pd.isna(baseline):
return observed
diff = observed - baseline
weight = scale / (abs(diff) + scale)
return float(baseline + diff * weight)
def _infer_time_frequency(time_values: pd.Series | pd.Index) -> pd.Timedelta:
"""从时间序列中推断采样频率,失败时默认 15 分钟。"""
parsed = pd.to_datetime(pd.Series(time_values), errors="coerce").dropna().sort_values()
if len(parsed) < 2:
return pd.Timedelta(minutes=15)
diffs = parsed.diff().dropna()
diffs = diffs[diffs > pd.Timedelta(0)]
if diffs.empty:
return pd.Timedelta(minutes=15)
mode = diffs.mode()
return mode.iloc[0] if not mode.empty else diffs.median()
def _build_local_pressure_baseline(series: pd.Series) -> pd.Series:
"""基于局部插值与中值滤波构造平滑基线。"""
baseline = _safe_time_interpolate(series)
baseline = baseline.rolling(window=5, center=True, min_periods=1).median()
baseline = _safe_time_interpolate(baseline)
return baseline.ffill().bfill()
def _build_seasonal_pressure_baseline(series: pd.Series) -> pd.Series:
"""按一天内的同一时刻构造季节性基线,适合日周期压力数据。"""
if not isinstance(series.index, pd.DatetimeIndex):
return pd.Series(np.nan, index=series.index, dtype=float)
slot_labels = pd.Series(series.index.strftime("%H:%M:%S"), index=series.index)
return series.groupby(slot_labels).transform("median")
def _detect_pressure_spikes(series: pd.Series, local_baseline: pd.Series) -> pd.Series:
"""识别单点异常上升/下降尖峰,避免过度修正正常波动。"""
residual = series - local_baseline
neighbor_center = (series.shift(1) + series.shift(-1)) / 2
curvature = series - neighbor_center
residual_scale = max(_robust_scale(residual), 1e-6)
curvature_scale = max(_robust_scale(curvature), 1e-6)
direction_flip = ((series - series.shift(1)) * (series.shift(-1) - series) < 0).fillna(False)
return (
residual.abs() > 3.5 * residual_scale
) & (
curvature.abs() > 3.0 * curvature_scale
) & direction_flip
def _fill_pressure_gaps(
original: pd.Series,
repaired: pd.Series,
local_baseline: pd.Series,
seasonal_baseline: pd.Series,
) -> pd.Series:
"""短缺口用局部插值,长缺口优先使用同一时刻的季节性轨迹。"""
missing_mask = original.isna()
if not missing_mask.any():
return repaired
gap_groups = (missing_mask != missing_mask.shift(fill_value=False)).cumsum()
gap_lengths = missing_mask.groupby(gap_groups).transform("sum").where(missing_mask, 0)
filled = repaired.copy()
short_gap_mask = missing_mask & (gap_lengths < 4)
long_gap_mask = missing_mask & ~short_gap_mask
filled[short_gap_mask] = local_baseline[short_gap_mask]
long_gap_fill = seasonal_baseline.where(seasonal_baseline.notna(), local_baseline)
filled[long_gap_mask] = long_gap_fill[long_gap_mask]
return filled
def _clean_pressure_series(series: pd.Series) -> pd.Series:
"""清洗单个压力时间序列。"""
series = pd.to_numeric(series, errors="coerce").astype(float)
local_baseline = _build_local_pressure_baseline(series)
spike_mask = _detect_pressure_spikes(series, local_baseline)
repaired = series.copy()
repaired[spike_mask] = local_baseline[spike_mask]
seasonal_baseline = _build_seasonal_pressure_baseline(repaired)
repaired = _fill_pressure_gaps(series, repaired, local_baseline, seasonal_baseline)
if repaired.isna().any():
repaired = repaired.where(repaired.notna(), local_baseline)
return repaired.ffill().bfill()
def _format_time_column(data: pd.DataFrame) -> pd.DataFrame:
"""统一输出时间格式,方便下游直接按 ISO 字符串解析。"""
if "time" not in data.columns:
return data
formatted = data.copy()
time_values = pd.to_datetime(formatted["time"], errors="coerce")
if time_values.isna().all():
return formatted
if time_values.dt.tz is not None:
time_strings = time_values.dt.strftime("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%z")
time_strings = time_strings.str.replace(
r"([+-]\d{2})(\d{2})$",
r"\1:\2",
regex=True,
)
else:
time_strings = time_values.dt.strftime("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S")
formatted["time"] = time_strings.where(time_values.notna(), formatted["time"])
return formatted
def _expand_snapshot_time_grid(data: pd.DataFrame, freq: pd.Timedelta) -> pd.DataFrame:
"""仅补齐时间轴,不提前填充值,避免长缺口丢失原始形状特征。"""
expanded = data.copy()
expanded["time"] = pd.to_datetime(expanded["time"], errors="coerce")
expanded = expanded.dropna(subset=["time"]).sort_values("time")
if expanded.empty:
return data
indexed = expanded.set_index("time")
full_index = pd.date_range(indexed.index.min(), indexed.index.max(), freq=freq)
indexed = indexed.reindex(full_index)
indexed.index.name = "time"
return indexed.reset_index()
def _safe_datetime_index(values: pd.Series | pd.Index | list[object]) -> pd.DatetimeIndex | None:
"""尽量把时间值标准化为 DatetimeIndex;失败则返回 None。"""
parsed = pd.to_datetime(values, errors="coerce")
try:
datetime_index = pd.DatetimeIndex(parsed)
except (TypeError, ValueError):
return None
if datetime_index.isna().all():
return None
return datetime_index
def _safe_time_interpolate(series: pd.Series) -> pd.Series:
"""仅在索引确实是 DatetimeIndex 时使用 time interpolation。"""
if isinstance(series.index, pd.DatetimeIndex):
return series.interpolate(method="time", limit_direction="both")
return series.interpolate(limit_direction="both")
def _detect_long_form_identifier(data: pd.DataFrame, value_cols: list[str], keep_cols: list[str]) -> str | None:
"""识别 time/id/value 长表结构。"""
if "time" not in data.columns or len(value_cols) != 1:
return None
identifier_candidates = [
col
for col in keep_cols
if col.lower() in ID_LIKE_COLUMNS or col.lower().endswith("_id")
]
if len(identifier_candidates) != 1:
return None
if not data["time"].duplicated().any():
return None
return identifier_candidates[0]
def _clean_long_form_pressure(
data: pd.DataFrame,
value_col: str,
identifier_col: str,
keep_cols: list[str],
fill_gaps: bool,
) -> pd.DataFrame:
"""按测点拆分 long-form 压力数据,再逐列清洗后恢复原结构。"""
data = _normalize_time_frame(data)
wide_df = (
data[[identifier_col, "time", value_col]]
.pivot(index="time", columns=identifier_col, values=value_col)
.reset_index()
)
sensor_cols = [col for col in wide_df.columns if col != "time"]
cleaned_wide = _clean_snapshot_pressure(wide_df, sensor_cols, keep_cols=[], fill_gaps=fill_gaps)
cleaned_long = cleaned_wide.melt(
id_vars="time",
var_name=identifier_col,
value_name=value_col,
)
passthrough_cols = [col for col in keep_cols if col != identifier_col]
if passthrough_cols:
metadata = data[[identifier_col] + passthrough_cols].drop_duplicates(subset=[identifier_col])
cleaned_long = cleaned_long.merge(metadata, on=identifier_col, how="left")
try:
cleaned_long[identifier_col] = cleaned_long[identifier_col].astype(data[identifier_col].dtype)
except (TypeError, ValueError):
pass
cleaned_long = cleaned_long.sort_values(["time", identifier_col]).reset_index(drop=True)
ordered_cols = ["time", identifier_col] + passthrough_cols + [value_col]
cleaned_long = cleaned_long[[col for col in ordered_cols if col in cleaned_long.columns]]
return cleaned_long
def _build_time_slot_frame(
data: pd.DataFrame, value_col: str, expected_slots: int
) -> pd.DataFrame:
"""把重复时间点整理成 time x slot 的矩阵。"""
grouped = data.groupby("time", sort=True)
times = list(grouped.groups.keys())
slot_frame = pd.DataFrame(index=pd.Index(times, name="time"), columns=range(expected_slots), dtype=float)
for time_value, group in grouped:
values = pd.to_numeric(group[value_col], errors="coerce").tolist()
for slot_idx, value in enumerate(values[:expected_slots]):
slot_frame.loc[time_value, slot_idx] = value
return slot_frame
def _slot_baseline(slot_frame: pd.DataFrame) -> pd.DataFrame:
"""对每个槽位做时间插值和平滑,得到基线轨迹。"""
baseline = pd.DataFrame(index=slot_frame.index, columns=slot_frame.columns, dtype=float)
for col in slot_frame.columns:
series = slot_frame[col].astype(float)
series = _safe_time_interpolate(series)
series = series.rolling(window=5, center=True, min_periods=1).median()
series = _safe_time_interpolate(series).ffill().bfill()
baseline[col] = series
return baseline
def _choose_insertion_position(
observed: list[float], baseline_row: pd.Series, expected_slots: int
) -> int:
"""为少一个观测值的时间组选择最合理的插入位置。"""
missing_count = expected_slots - len(observed)
if missing_count <= 0:
return 0
best_pos = 0
best_cost = float("inf")
for insert_pos in range(expected_slots):
cost = 0.0
obs_idx = 0
for slot_idx in range(expected_slots):
if slot_idx == insert_pos:
continue
obs_value = observed[obs_idx]
base_value = float(baseline_row.iloc[slot_idx])
if pd.notna(obs_value) and pd.notna(base_value):
cost += abs(obs_value - base_value)
obs_idx += 1
if cost < best_cost:
best_cost = cost
best_pos = insert_pos
return best_pos
def _clean_repeated_timestamp_pressure(
data: pd.DataFrame, value_col: str, keep_cols: list[str]
) -> pd.DataFrame:
"""针对同一时间点重复采样的压力数据进行修复。"""
data = _normalize_time_frame(data)
grouped_sizes = data.groupby("time").size()
if grouped_sizes.empty:
return data
expected_slots = int(grouped_sizes.mode().iloc[0]) if not grouped_sizes.mode().empty else int(grouped_sizes.max())
expected_slots = max(expected_slots, int(grouped_sizes.max()))
slot_frame = _build_time_slot_frame(data, value_col, expected_slots)
baseline_frame = _slot_baseline(slot_frame)
residuals = slot_frame - baseline_frame
slot_scales = {
col: max(_robust_scale(residuals[col]), 1e-6) for col in residuals.columns
}
cleaned_rows: list[dict[str, object]] = []
grouped = data.groupby("time", sort=True)
for time_value, group in grouped:
observed_values = pd.to_numeric(group[value_col], errors="coerce").tolist()
baseline_row = baseline_frame.loc[time_value]
insert_pos = _choose_insertion_position(observed_values, baseline_row, expected_slots)
cleaned_values: list[float] = []
obs_idx = 0
for slot_idx in range(expected_slots):
if slot_idx == insert_pos and len(observed_values) < expected_slots:
cleaned_values.append(float(baseline_row.iloc[slot_idx]))
continue
if obs_idx >= len(observed_values):
cleaned_values.append(float(baseline_row.iloc[slot_idx]))
continue
observed = observed_values[obs_idx]
baseline = float(baseline_row.iloc[slot_idx])
cleaned_values.append(
_shrink_toward_baseline(observed, baseline, slot_scales.get(slot_idx, 1.0))
)
obs_idx += 1
# 其余字段原样保留;常量列(如 id)直接复制第一条记录即可
template_row = group.iloc[0].to_dict()
for slot_idx, cleaned_value in enumerate(cleaned_values):
row = dict(template_row)
row["time"] = time_value
row[value_col] = cleaned_value
cleaned_rows.append(row)
cleaned_df = pd.DataFrame(cleaned_rows)
cleaned_df = cleaned_df.sort_values(["time"]).reset_index(drop=True)
ordered_cols = ["time"] + keep_cols + [value_col]
ordered_cols = [col for col in ordered_cols if col in cleaned_df.columns]
remaining_cols = [col for col in cleaned_df.columns if col not in ordered_cols]
cleaned_df = cleaned_df[ordered_cols + remaining_cols]
return _format_time_column(cleaned_df)
def _clean_snapshot_pressure(
data: pd.DataFrame, value_cols: list[str], keep_cols: list[str], fill_gaps: bool
) -> pd.DataFrame:
"""针对单条时间序列或多列快照数据进行稳健修复。"""
data = _normalize_time_frame(data)
if fill_gaps and "time" in data.columns:
freq = _infer_time_frequency(data["time"])
data = _expand_snapshot_time_grid(data, freq)
data["time"] = pd.to_datetime(data["time"], errors="coerce")
data = data.sort_values(["time"]).reset_index(drop=True)
cleaned_df = data.copy()
time_index = (
_safe_datetime_index(cleaned_df["time"])
if "time" in cleaned_df.columns
else None
)
if time_index is None:
time_index = pd.RangeIndex(start=0, stop=len(cleaned_df))
for col in value_cols:
series = pd.Series(
pd.to_numeric(cleaned_df[col], errors="coerce").to_numpy(),
index=time_index,
dtype=float,
)
cleaned_df[col] = _clean_pressure_series(series).to_numpy()
ordered_cols = ["time"] + keep_cols + value_cols
ordered_cols = [col for col in ordered_cols if col in cleaned_df.columns]
remaining_cols = [col for col in cleaned_df.columns if col not in ordered_cols]
cleaned_df = cleaned_df[ordered_cols + remaining_cols]
return _format_time_column(cleaned_df)
def clean_pressure_data_km(
input_csv_path: str, show_plot: bool = False, fill_gaps: bool = True
) -> str:
"""
读取输入 CSV,基于时间结构进行稳健修复。输出为 <input_basename>_cleaned.xlsx(同目录)。
原始数据在 sheet 'raw_pressure_data',处理后数据在 sheet 'cleaned_pressusre_data'。
返回输出文件的绝对路径。
Args:
input_csv_path: CSV 文件路径
show_plot: 是否显示可视化
fill_gaps: 是否先补齐时间缺口(默认 True)
"""
# 读取 CSV
input_csv_path = os.path.abspath(input_csv_path)
data = pd.read_csv(input_csv_path, header=0, index_col=None, encoding="utf-8")
data = _normalize_time_frame(data)
value_cols, keep_cols = _select_pressure_columns(data)
has_repeated_time = "time" in data.columns and data["time"].duplicated().any()
identifier_col = _detect_long_form_identifier(data, value_cols, keep_cols)
if identifier_col is not None:
data_repaired = _clean_long_form_pressure(
data,
value_cols[0],
identifier_col,
keep_cols,
fill_gaps,
)
elif has_repeated_time and len(value_cols) == 1:
data_repaired = _clean_repeated_timestamp_pressure(data, value_cols[0], keep_cols)
else:
data_repaired = _clean_snapshot_pressure(data, value_cols, keep_cols, fill_gaps)
# 可选可视化(只展示首个数值列)
plt.rcParams["font.sans-serif"] = ["SimHei"]
plt.rcParams["axes.unicode_minus"] = False
if show_plot and value_cols:
plot_col = value_cols[0]
if "time" in data_repaired.columns:
x = pd.to_datetime(data_repaired["time"], errors="coerce")
else:
x = np.arange(len(data_repaired))
plt.figure(figsize=(12, 6))
plt.plot(x, pd.to_numeric(data_repaired[plot_col], errors="coerce"), label="cleaned")
plt.xlabel("时间" if "time" in data_repaired.columns else "序号")
plt.ylabel("压力监测值")
plt.title(f"{plot_col} 清洗结果")
plt.legend()
plt.show()
# 保存到 Excel:两个 sheet
input_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(input_csv_path))
input_base = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(input_csv_path))[0]
output_filename = f"{input_base}_cleaned.xlsx"
output_path = os.path.join(input_dir, output_filename)
# 如果原始数据包含时间列,将其添加回结果
data_for_save = data.copy()
data_repaired_for_save = data_repaired.copy()
if os.path.exists(output_path):
os.remove(output_path) # 覆盖同名文件
with pd.ExcelWriter(output_path, engine="openpyxl") as writer:
data_for_save.to_excel(writer, sheet_name="raw_pressure_data", index=False)
data_repaired_for_save.to_excel(
writer, sheet_name="cleaned_pressusre_data", index=False
)
# 返回输出文件的绝对路径
return os.path.abspath(output_path)
def clean_pressure_data_df_km(data: pd.DataFrame, show_plot: bool = False) -> pd.DataFrame:
"""
接收一个 DataFrame 数据结构,使用时间感知的稳健修复方法清洗压力数据。
返回清洗后的 DataFrame。
Args:
data: 输入 DataFrame(可包含 time 列)
show_plot: 是否显示可视化
"""
# 使用传入的 DataFrame
data = data.copy()
data = _normalize_time_frame(data)
value_cols, keep_cols = _select_pressure_columns(data)
has_repeated_time = "time" in data.columns and data["time"].duplicated().any()
identifier_col = _detect_long_form_identifier(data, value_cols, keep_cols)
if identifier_col is not None:
data_repaired = _clean_long_form_pressure(
data,
value_cols[0],
identifier_col,
keep_cols,
fill_gaps=True,
)
elif has_repeated_time and len(value_cols) == 1:
data_repaired = _clean_repeated_timestamp_pressure(data, value_cols[0], keep_cols)
else:
data_repaired = _clean_snapshot_pressure(data, value_cols, keep_cols, fill_gaps=True)
if show_plot and value_cols:
plt.rcParams["font.sans-serif"] = ["SimHei"]
plt.rcParams["axes.unicode_minus"] = False
plot_col = value_cols[0]
x = pd.to_datetime(data_repaired["time"], errors="coerce") if "time" in data_repaired.columns else np.arange(len(data_repaired))
plt.figure(figsize=(12, 6))
plt.plot(x, pd.to_numeric(data_repaired[plot_col], errors="coerce"), label="cleaned")
plt.xlabel("时间" if "time" in data_repaired.columns else "序号")
plt.ylabel("压力监测值")
plt.title(f"{plot_col} 清洗结果")
plt.legend()
plt.show()
return data_repaired